供应浇铸铝锭

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><strong><span style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">铝锭</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;" lang="EN-US"></span></strong></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">一、铝锭介绍：　铝，在我们日常工业上的原料叫铝锭，按国家标准（<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;" lang="EN-US">GB/T 1196-2008</span>）应叫</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 楷体_GB2312;" lang="EN-US">“</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">重熔用铝锭</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 楷体_GB2312;" lang="EN-US">”</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">，不过大家叫惯了</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 楷体_GB2312;" lang="EN-US">“</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">铝锭</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 楷体_GB2312;" lang="EN-US">”</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">。它是用氧化铝<span lang="EN-US">-</span>冰晶石通过电解法生产出来的。铝锭进入工业应用之后有两大类：铸造铝合金和变形铝合金。铸造铝及铝合金是以铸造方法生产铝的铸件；变形铝及铝合金是以压力加工方法生产铝的加工产品：板、带、箔、管、棒、型、线和锻件。按照<span lang="EN-US">?</span>重熔用铝锭<span lang="EN-US">?</span>国家标准，</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 楷体_GB2312;" lang="EN-US">“</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">重熔用铝锭按化学成分分为<span lang="EN-US">6</span>个牌号，分别是<span lang="EN-US">Al99.85</span>、<span lang="EN-US">Al99.80</span>、<span lang="EN-US">Al99.70</span>、<span lang="EN-US">Al99.60</span>、<span lang="EN-US">Al99.50</span>、<span lang="EN-US">Al99.00</span></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 楷体_GB2312;" lang="EN-US">”</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">（注：<span lang="EN-US">Al</span>之后的数字是铝含量）。目前，有人叫的</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 楷体_GB2312;" lang="EN-US">“</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;" lang="EN-US">A00</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 楷体_GB2312;" lang="EN-US">”</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">铝，实际上是含铝为<span lang="EN-US">99.7%</span>纯度的铝，在伦敦市场上叫</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 楷体_GB2312;" lang="EN-US">“</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">标准铝</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 楷体_GB2312;" lang="EN-US">”</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">。大家都知道，我国在五十年代技术标准都来自前苏联，</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 楷体_GB2312;" lang="EN-US">“</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;" lang="EN-US">A00</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 楷体_GB2312;" lang="EN-US">”</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">是苏联国家标准中的俄文牌号，</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 楷体_GB2312;" lang="EN-US">“</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;" lang="EN-US">A</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 楷体_GB2312;" lang="EN-US">”</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">是俄文字母，而不是英文</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 楷体_GB2312;" lang="EN-US">“</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;" lang="EN-US">A</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 楷体_GB2312;" lang="EN-US">”</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">字，也不是汉语拼音字母的</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 楷体_GB2312;" lang="EN-US">“</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;" lang="EN-US">A</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 楷体_GB2312;" lang="EN-US">”</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">。和全部接轨的话，称</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 楷体_GB2312;" lang="EN-US">“</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">标准铝</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 楷体_GB2312;" lang="EN-US">”</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">更为确切。标准铝就是含<span lang="EN-US">99.7%</span>铝的铝锭，在伦敦市场上注册的就是它。<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></strong></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">二、铝锭的连续铸造工艺</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;" lang="EN-US"></span></strong></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">连续浇铸可分为混合炉浇铸和外铸两种方式。均使用连续铸造机。混合炉浇铸是将铝液装入混合炉后，由混合炉进行浇铸，主要用于生产重熔用铝锭和铸造合金。<span lang="EN-US"><br /><br /></span>　　外铸是由抬包直接向铸造机浇铸，主要是在铸造设备不能满足生产，或来料质量太差不能直接入炉的情况下使用。由于无外加热源，所以要求抬包具有一定的温度，一般夏季在<span lang="EN-US">690</span>～<span lang="EN-US">740</span>℃，冬季在<span lang="EN-US">700</span>～<span lang="EN-US">760</span>℃，以保证铝锭获得较好的外观。 　　混合炉浇铸，首先要经过配料，然后倒人混合炉中，搅拌均匀，再加入熔剂进行精炼。浇铸合金锭必须澄清<span lang="EN-US">30min</span>以上，澄清后扒渣即可浇铸。<span lang="EN-US"><br /><br /></span>　　浇铸时，混合炉的炉眼对准铸造机的第二、第三个铸模，这样可保证液流发生变化和换模时有一定的机动性。炉眼和铸造机用流槽联接，流槽短一些较好，这样可以减少铝的氧化，避免造成涡旋和飞溅，铸造机停用<span lang="EN-US">48h</span>以上时，重新启动前，要将铸模预热<span lang="EN-US">4h</span>。铝液经流槽流入铸模中，用铁铲将铝液表面的氧化膜除去，称为扒渣。流满一模后，将流槽移向下一个铸模，铸造机是连续前进的。<span lang="EN-US"><br /><br /></span>　　铸模依次前进，铝液逐渐冷却，到达铸造机中部时铝液已经凝固成铝锭，由打印机打上熔炼号。当铝锭到达铸造机顶端时，已经完全凝固成铝锭，此时铸模翻转，铝锭脱模而出，落在自动接锭小车上，由堆垛机自动堆垛、打捆即成为成品铝锭。铸造机由喷水冷却，但必须在铸造机开动转满一圈后方可给水。每吨铝液大约消耗<span lang="EN-US">8-10t</span>水，夏季还需附吹风进行表面冷却。铸锭属于平模浇铸，铝液的凝固方向是自下而上的，上部中间较后凝固，留下一条沟形缩陷。铝锭各部位的凝固时间和条件不尽相同，因而其化学成分也将各异，但其整体上是符合标准的。<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></strong></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;" lang="EN-US"> </span></strong></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 18pt; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;" lang="EN-US"> </span></strong></p>